jarvis



(No Model.)

'B. KIPPER & J. G. JARVIS.

COLLAR 0R CUFF.

Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

a. Inn/ 2020 11? Zmz'l efOZiZ d agape? ar UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ASSIGNORS TO THE AMERICAN YORK, N. Y.

ZYLONITE COMPANY, on NEW- COLLAR OR CUFF.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,679, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed March 25, 1889. Serial No. 304,576. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, EMIL KIPPER, a subject of the Emperorof Ger1nany,and JOHN GEORGE JARVIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Zyloriite, in the county of Berkshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Collars or Cuffs, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to the manufacture of collars or cuffs of pyroxyline compounds, and has for its purpose to provide an improved article of manufacture having a greater and more uniform strength and increased durability.

In the manufacture of collars or cuffs from pyroxyline compounds it has been customary heretofore to make the article either from a solid sheet by stamping it in the eX- act shape required or by folding the edges over upon the body of the sheet to form a hem. This result has also been accomplished by placing a separate strip along the edges of collars and cuffs, and these articles have also been made by cementing thin sheets of pyroxyline compounds on an interposed material or fabric.

Although the fiber of the nitrated substance undergoes a complete change during the process of nitration, and although the subsequent processes of dissolution, subjection to heavy pressure, and mastication in the rolls appear to yield a product which is perfectly homogeneous and without fibrous structure, nevertheless it is found that in sheet form the material proves stronger in some parts or places than in others, and is fractured more easily in one direction than in another. This fact may be explained in part by reason of the tendency of the material while being masticated in the rolls to arrange itself more or less in laminae, layers, or strata; but among the causes of breakage may be included any imperfection of the knife used in the sheeting, since the least imperfection of the edge, caused by the adhesion of sand or a scrap of metal, or any inequality in the edge, will produce a mark or crease in the sheet for the whole distance traveled by the knife, and as the sheets employed are not over one-fiftieth of an inch in thickness such a crease, even when very slight, weakens the sheet materially and causes it to break always along the'line of such crease when said sheet is bent.

When a stratified material is used which has been made by rolling the layers or colors separately and thereafter welding the same in a press, the danger of breaking or cracking the same is somewhat increased, and this tendency, although detrimental in all articles, becomes especially injurious in turndown collars at the bend, where the material speedily gives way under the repeated bending of the turned portion.

We have found that by using a series of sheets two or more of zylonite or other pyroxyline. compound, and by cementing said sheets together one upon the other, we avoid the objection hereinbefore mentioned, as the laminae of one sheet become incorporated with the laminze of the other sheet.

When the article is made of a material embodying different colors, the sheets should be cemented together, that the lamination of one does not lie in the same direction with the lamination of the other, but at an angle, thus breaking up the parallelism of the strata and incorporating the laminae just aswhen a uniform color is used.

We may use two or more sheets and cement the same together, or we may fold over the end of one or both sheets, or we may lay one or more separate strips between them to form the hem.

Our invention consists, essentially, therefore in a collar or cuff composed of a series of sheets (two or more) of pyroxyline material cemented together, as hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is'a plan view of a collar made according to our invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a cuff made in accordance with the invention, and Fig. 4 a longitudinal sectional view of the same.

In the said drawings, the reference-numeral 1 denotes a collar, which is formed by our invention of two separate sheets 2 and 3 of zylonite or other pyroxyline compound, cut to the required shape, and cemented together, the laminae of the one sheet being incorporated with the laminae of the other sheet. The cuff 4: is formed in like manner of two separate sheets 5 and 6, arranged as regards the incorporation of the laminae in a similar manner. It will readily be seen that with this construction the turn-down portions of either the collar or end will possess strength equal to that of any other portion of the article, and that the tendency to rupture or fracture will be no greater at the points where the folds or bends take place than at any other point or points, thereby greatly promoting the strength ofthe article at all points and preventing the fracture thereof upon the line of thefold' or bend.

We have shown in the drawings a white and a colored article, the invention being applicable to the one in the same manner as to the other. v

Where the article is made in difierentcolors', as in the case of the cuff shown in Figs.

3 and 4, we preferably arrange the color-lines at different angles in the two sheets, thus breaking up the parallelism of the strata and incorporating the laminae, as in the white or colorless article.

Having thus described our invention, what We claim is- 1. As a new article of manufacture, a collar or cuff composed of a series of sheets of stratified pyroxyline material cemented together, with the laminae of one sheet incorporated with the laminee of another sheet, substantially as described.

2. A collar or cuflf composed of sheets of stratified pyroxyline material cemented together,.with the lines of stratification of one sheet at an angle to those of the other sheet, substantially as described. p

In testimony whereof we have affixed our 45 signatures in presence of two witnesses.

EMIL KIPPER. JOHN G. JARVIS. Witnesses:

HY. SCHOMBURG, M. M. STEWART. 

